Jonathan M Schapiro, M.D. heads the National Hemophilia Center, Sheba Medical Center in Tel Aviv and he is part of the scientific committee of the Stanford HIV Drug Resistance Database. Dr. Schapiro received his medical degree from the Ben Gurion University of the Negev in Israel. He completed his Internship and Medicine Residency at the Rabin Medical Center. Subsequently he completed a Fellowship in Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine at the Stanford University School of Medicine focusing on antiretroviral drug development at the Stanford Center for AIDS Research. Dr. Schapiro’s research has focused on the causes of antiretroviral drug failure, interventions to optimize clinical care, and new drug development. His interests have included resistance and cross-resistance between drugs, associations between resistance and pharmacology, and development of new antiretroviral agents with improved resistance and pharmacological characteristics. Much of his work has focused on the clinical utility of resistance and drug level testing, and integrating resistance assays and other diagnostics into routine clinical care. He has been involved in the development of advanced interpretation systems for these assays, and has worked to highlight the importance of interactions between drug exposure and resistance. He continues his work on the scientific committee of the Stanford HIV Drug Resistance Database. His publications have appeared in leading papers such as Annals of Internal Medicine and The Lancet. Dr. Schapiro is very active in educational initiatives; He Co-founded and directed the Stanford University HIV Medicine Course and is involved in numerous programs for AIDS treating physicians. These have focused on both resource rich as well as resource limited settings. Dr. Schapiro has served as a member and advisor of numerous international HIV expert panels and working groups including the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Antiviral Drugs Advisory Committee, WHO Resistance Network, and the IAS-USA Drug Resistance Group. Dr. Schapiro is a member of the Organizing and Scientific Committees of major HIV conferences and workshops. He currently runs the HIV/AIDS clinic at the National Hemophilia Center in Tel Aviv, Israel.